Nature.Med：全基因组DSB作图新方法

作者：王韵壹、李英、熊慧卿

近日，科学家提出一种利用全基因组技术进行DNA双链断裂(DSBs)作图新方法，这种作图法以单核苷酸为基本单位，称之为BLESS(direct in situ breaks labeling, enrichment on streptavidin and next-generation sequencing)，相关研究论文于2013年3月20日在线发表在Nature Method杂志上。

此项研究由德国法兰克福歌德大学医学院生物化学研究所 II、美国得克萨斯医学科大学转化科学研究院等处研究人员共同完成。

研究人员利用人类和小鼠细胞以及不同的DNA双链断裂(DSBs)诱导因子和测序平台对BLESS法进行验证。BLESS能够识别端粒末端、SCE核酸内切酶诱导的DNA双链断裂以及复杂的DSB全基因组。作为一种原理证明，我们让人类细胞复制压以敏感性基因组为特点，确定了> 2,000非均匀分布的阿非迪霉素敏感区(ASRS)，它们中基因过多，富含微卫星重复序列。人类癌症重排区也富含ASRS，许多癌症相关的基因对复制压具有极高的敏感性。

研究人员称，这种新方法适合各种细胞核实验条件下DSBs全基因组作图，其特异性和分辨率是现在的技术无法实现的。

原文摘要：

Nucleotide-resolution DNA double-strand break mapping by next-generation sequencing

We present a genome-wide approach to map DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) at nucleotide resolution by a method we termed BLESS (direct in situ breaks labeling, enrichment on streptavidin and next-generation sequencing). We validated and tested BLESS using human and mouse cells and different DSBs-inducing agents and sequencing platforms. BLESS was able to detect telomere ends, Sce endonuclease–induced DSBs and complex genome-wide DSB landscapes. As a proof of principle, we characterized the genomic landscape of sensitivity to replication stress in human cells, and we identified >2,000 nonuniformly distributed aphidicolin-sensitive regions (ASRs) overrepresented in genes and enriched in satellite repeats. ASRs were also enriched in regions rearranged in human cancers, with many cancer-associated genes exhibiting high sensitivity to replication stress. Our method is suitable for genome-wide mapping of DSBs in various cells and experimental conditions, with a specificity and resolution unachievable by current techniques.